The research specifies the terminology and suggests an algorithm for identification of resource regions, as well as regions ready for smart specialization using cluster analysis. A distinctive feature of the algorithm is the complexity of the use of the justified and systematized groups of factors and indicators, including macroeconomic, infrastructural, innovative and resource ones. Taking into account the proposed algorithm, the authors' classification of resource regions as well as regions prepared for smart specialization is presented, based on a consistent and complete division of regions into the groups proposed in the work. It was shown that the resource regions, depending on the degree of readiness for smart specialization, have a different level of PPP development. It is determined in the dynamics that the resource regions with higher readiness for smart specialization have a higher level of PPP development. While in resource regions unprepared for integrated development, as well as in enclave regions (regions with economic and infrastructure isolation from macro-regional and all-Russian ties), it is necessary to develop PPP mechanisms with the subsequent increase of the economic, infrastructural, innovative, personnel and qualification levels. This will allow for the organization of integrated exploitation with the involvement of the necessary volume of private investments for sustainable development in the long term.