The Kurai Fault Zone (KFZ) is one of the most hazardous seismogenic structures in the Gorny Altai (Russia), which bounds the largest Kurai and Chuya intermontane basins from the north. Trenching studies, radiocarbon dating of colluvial wedge deposits, and 230Th-U dating of seismogenic travertine of the Meshtuyaryk field showed that the fault scarp in the northwestern part of the Chuya Depression was formed by earthquakes that occurred ca. 9.5, 7.7, 5.8, and 4.83.4яka BP. The last two palaeoearthquakes are younger than 3.2яka BP. The parameters of seismogenic ruptures, as well as the distances between coeval seismogenic travertines along the KFZ, yielded estimates of the Mw of the four oldest palaeoearthquakes as 6.87.6 and ESI 2007 shaking intensities of VIIIXI. The results of 230Th-U dating suggest that deposition of the Meshtuyaryk travertines was triggered by three strong palaeoearthquakes at ca. 9.5, 7.7, and 4.83.4яka BP, which activated faults and caused a rapid rise along them of ambient-temperature bicarbonate groundwaters previously sealed in deep-seated limestone aquifers.