The research aimed to evaluate the specifics of the elemental composition of oligotrophic peat soils (Cryic Histosols) in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous district. The content of 32 chemical elements was analyzed in the soil samples using CHN Elemental Analyzer and the atomic emission method. The soil density, ash and organic carbon content were measured along with elemental composition. The ratio of TC/TN (total carbon to total nitrogen) and the degree of pedogenic maturity (degree of organic matter intramolecular oxidation) were calculated. The research shows that the elemental composition of the oligotrophic peat soils of flat-mound frost bogs in Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District varies widely, and it is closely connected with organic matter features. The content of Ca, Cd, Pb, and Zn correlates negatively (ρ are from -0.71 to -0.63) with the total carbon content. Accordingly, the same elements interconnect with the degree of pedogenic maturity (ρ are from 0.66 to 0.74). Still, there is no dependency between the organic carbon content and the elemental composition of the peat soils. The following factors may result in this: residual eutrophication; the release of elements trace from permafrost sediments and their involvement in local hydrogeochemical fluxes; local geochemical features (for example, the proximity of the Polar Urals).