The monograph considers the setting of the major Taimyr structural zones: (1) the Paleozoic-Mesozoic Southern Taimyr folded belt, (2) the Late Riphean Central Taimyr accretionary belt, and (3) the margin of the Kara continental plate. Most attention is paid to the last two structures, composed of the different metamorphic and magmatic complexes, which formation took place at different geodynamical conditions. The original petrological and geochemical data on ophiolites, island-arc and collisional complexes are given. The structure and composition of Neoproterozoic Chelyuskin and Stanovoy ophiolite belts are discussed, which along with paleoocean complexes include volcanogenic series of ensimatic and ensialic island arcs. The ophiolites were shown to be a petrogeochemical indicators of geodynamic setting of the marginal sea with the oceanic-type crust. They were formed in Neoproterozoic (800-740 Ma BP.), then were metamorphosed in greenschist and amphibolite facies and obducted to margin of the Siberian continent in Vendian. The formation of granitoids of different ages is associated with island-arc (M- and I-types), syn- and postcollisional (S- and transitional S-I-types) and intraplate (A-type) geodynamic settings. The features and types of metamorphic transformations of different terranes were shown on the basis of the study of mineral assemblages, mineral compositions, and calculations of P-T parameters of metamorphism. The features of the metallogeny of the main structural areas are discussed. A new model of geodynamic evolution of the Taimyr folded area is proposed. New U-Pb, Sm-Nd, Rb-Sr, K-Ar, and Ar-Ar isotope geochemical data were used to recognize the principal stages of the formation of the Taimyr Earth's crust. There have been two major events in the geodynamic evolution of Taimyr. The Neoproterozoic one was associated with the formation of an accretion belt including ophiolites at the Siberian craton boundary. The Late Paleozoic - Early Mesozoic events was caused by collision of the Kara and Siberian continents corresponding to the Late Paleozoic Pangea formation stage. The book also discusses the correlation of the main Taimyr structures and complexes with the similar formations of the Siberian continent folded framing and Arctic margins.