Яндекс.Метрика

I.S. Ivanova,O.G.Savichev,E.A.Soldatova,N.G.Nalivayko,D.S.Korneev,N.V.Guseva,N.A.Smirnova

Выпуск: 3 , Том: 331 , Год издания: 2020
Сериальное издание: Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University, Geo Assets Engineering
Страницы: 39-51

Аннотация

Relevance. The issue of conservation and use of bogs is very urgent throughout the world, including Western Siberia, where a large part of hydrocarbon raw materials in the Russian Federation are extracted. It is accompanied by environmental changes, which concern bog ecosystems. This determines the relevance to develop a methodology and technology for environmental protection of bog ecosystems subjected to anthropogenic impact. For this methodology, a reliable assessment of changes in the bog ecosystem under the influence of the influx of substances of anthropogenic origin is required. The aim of the research is to analyze and interprete the conditions of municipal wastewater transformation in lowland bog on the example of typical Western Siberian eutrophic bog Obskoe. Methods. Chemical and microbiological composition of natural waters were analyzed in the Fundamental research laboratory of hydrogeochemistry (TPU), which is registered in the System of analytical laboratories of Gosstandart of Russia. To carry out the comprehensive chemical analysis the authors applied the traditional methods. The microbiological analysis was carried out after sampling, basically during the day. The samples had been kept in the cooling bag until they were delivered to the laboratory. To identify the microorganisms the authors used liquid and firm elective nutrient mediums. The trace elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma massspectrometry (ICP-MS). The structural-group composition of dissolved organic matter was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Statistical methods and mathematical modeling were applied to study hydrogeochemical processes. Results and conclusions. It was found that the bog waters are characterized by high contents (relative to maximum permissible concentrations) of organic matters, products of their transformation, as well as some chemical elements, which are able to form complexes with organic matters. Among the dissolved organic compounds esters, carboxylic acids are dominated in the bog waters. They contribute not only to accumulation of certain elements (Ni, Ba) in the waters but to development of microorganisms as well. It was shown, that accumulation of the elements entering the bog waters from municipal wastewater of Melnikovo settlement takes place mainly on the boundary of active and inert horizons of the peat deposit. It was shown, that the discharge of municipal wastewater to the bog near Melnikovo settlement does not significantly change the chemical composition of the bog waters, and anthropogenic impact is limited by microbiological and geochemical conditions of the bog. Based on the data obtained, it was proposed to adjust environmental measures to limit the expansion of boggy areas by the increase in forest land due to drainage reclamation and the addition of nitrogen and calcium compounds that are part of municipal wastewater and wastewater of oil and gas industry.
индекс в базе ИАЦ: 042463