This paper is devoted to a comprehensive analysis of the impact of foreign investment on the development of the oil and gas sector in Russia, which includes both directions: the impact of foreign direct investment inflows on the production and economic indicators of the oil and gas sector of Russia, and the effect of these indicators on foreign investment inflows. Foreign investments are the driving force in the development of the Russian oil and gas complex and the economy as a whole. So it was until 2014, today's situation has changed somewhat: the influx of foreign investment in the energy sector of is complicated not only by imposed sanctions, but also the main obstacle - the instability of world energy prices. The current price environment, as well as the supply and demand situation are pushing foreign investors to reduce the investment proposal. Today, the fuel and energy complex, and especially OGC, plays a huge role in the socio-economic development of the country and the increase in GDP, which determines the purpose and objectives of this study.